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UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 


Agricultural  Experiment  Station 


BULLETIN  No.  no 


STORAGE  BARN,  SHEDS,  FEED  LOTS  AND 

OTHER  EQUIPMENT  FOR  FEEDING 

EXPERIMENTAL  CATTLE  IN 

CAR  LOAD  LOTS 


BY  HERBERT  W.  MUMFORD 

AND 

EDWIN  S.  GOOD 


URBANA,  JULY,  1906 


SUMMARY  OF  BULLETIN  No.    no 

1.  General  plan  of  beef  cattle  experimental  plant.  Page  303. 

2.  A  description  in  detail  of  construction  of  storage  barn  and  methods 
of  preparing  and  handling  concentrates  and  roughages  in  same.       Page  304. 

3.  A  description  in  detail  of  the  construction  and  operation  of  the  feed 
lots,  sheds  and  feed  carrier  S3rstem  of  that  part  of  the  plant  situated  south  of 
the  alley .  Page  305. 

4.  Description  of  lots  and  sheds  north  of  the  alley.  Page  308. 

5.  Description  of  construction  of  engine  house,  also  of  corn  crib. 

Page  309. 

6.  General  summary  of  cost  of  beef  cattle  experimental  plant.  Page  30". 


STORAGE  BARN,  SHEDS,  FEED  LOTS  AND 

OTHER  EQUIPMENT  FOR  FEEDING 

EXPERIMENTAL  CATTLE  IN 

CAR  LOAD  LOTS 

BY  HERBERT  W.  MUMFORD,  CHIEF  IN  ANIMAL,  HUSBANDRY 
AND  EDWIN  S.  GOOD,  ASSISTANT  IN  ANIMAL  HUSBANDRY 

INTRODUCTION 

The  Illinois  Experiment  Station  considers  it  extremely  import- 
ant for  the  reader  to  know,  in  studying  the  results  of  feeding  tests, 
the  exact  conditions  under  which  the  feeding  has  been  done.  This 
bulletin  shows  the  conditions  surrounding  the  feeding  of  the  experi- 
mental car  load  lots  of  cattle  at  this  Station  as  reported  in  Bulle- 
tins 83,  90,  103,  and  in. 

It  is  not  maintained  that  this  plant  cannot  be  improved  or  that  it 
will  meet  the  needs  of,  or  be  the  most  economical  for,  cattle  feeders 
in  general. 

GENERAL,  PLAN 

The  general  plan  of  the  experimental  feeding  plant  at  this  Sta- 
tion, for  the  feeding  of  two  hundred  head  of  beef  cattle  in  car  load 
lots,  and  individually,  consists  of  a  storage  barn  facing  east  and  west 
and  two  rows  of  feed  lots  connected  by  a  paved  alley,  lying  east 
and  west  from  the  west  side  of  the  storage  barn.  South  of  the  feed 
lots  is  a  corn  crib  144  feet  in  length,  and  north  of  the  storage  barn 
is  a  20  by  28-foot  engine  house.  On  the  west  side  of  the  barn  and 
north  of  the  alley  are  stock  scales. 

There  are  twelve  feeding  lots  in  the  two  rows  mentioned,  seven 
of  which  are  situated  on  the  south  side  of  the  alley  and  five  on  the 
north  side.  All  face  to  the  south  and  all  are  paved  with  brick  with 
the  exception  of  three  lots  on  the  north  side  of  the  alley,  one  of 
which  is  used  for  experimenting  with  cattle  fed  in  an  ordinary  earth 
lot.  The  sheds  on  the  south  side  of  the  alley  are  open  on  the  south 
side,  while  those  on  the  north  side  are  inclosed,  and  provided  with 
large  sliding  doors.  None  are  paved. 

Feed  carriers  convey  the  concentrates  and  chaffed  roughage 
from  the  second  floor  of  the  storage  barn  to  the  lots  on  the  south 
side  of  tl;  •>  alley.  For  general  plan,  see  Plates  i  and  2. 

303 


304  BuLLETiNNo.110.  [July, 

STORAGE  BARN 

The  storage  barn,  containing  a  silo,  feed  grinder,  cutter  and 
shredder,  feed  bins,  stalls,  and  storage  room  for  roughages,  is  of 
plank-frame  construction,  all  the  framing  material  being  of  two 
inch  lumber  sized  to  i%  inches.  It  is  44  by  72  feet  and  is  divided 
into  five  bents.  Beginning  at  the  north,  the  bents  are  spaced  as  fol- 
lows: 15  feet;  14  feet  6  inches;  the  drive-way,  12  feet;  14  feet  3 
inches;  and  15  feet  8  inches.  The  foundation  is  a  brick  wall  13 
inches  thick  extending  below  the  frost  line  and  rising  one  foot  above 
the  grade  line.  The  ground  was  excavated  six  inches  for  the  floor 
and  the  resulting  space  filled  3^/2  inches  with  gravel  well  tamped, 
then  y2  inch  with  fine  sand  over  which  were  laid  No.  I  paving  brick 
flushed  with  cement.  The  brick  were  laid  flat  in  all  places  with  the 
exception  of  the  drive-way  where  they  were  placed  on  edge. 

The  two  north  sections  contain  a  3O-ton  silo,  feed  bins,  cutter, 
and  storage  for  baled  hay. 

The  walls  are  18  feet  high;  curb,  31  feet;  peak,  40  feet;  stud- 
ding 2x6,  24  inches  on  center;  plates,  2x6,  2  ply;  drop  siding  1x8 
inches;  rafters,  2x6  inches,  24  inches  on  center;  roof  sheathing, 
iyi2l/2  inches,  3  inches  apart;  cedar  shingles,  5x2,  laid  4^inches  to 
the  weather. 

Middle  Bents. — The  foot  of  each  middle  bent  rests  upon  the 
foundation  and  an  inward  projection  of  I  foot  3  inches  by  13  inches. 
A  2x1 2-inch  piece  is  laid  flat  on  the  foundation  for  a  sill.  This  sill 
is  bolted  to  the  brick  by  top  screws  and  further  strengthened  by  iron 
braces  extending  from  the  foot  of  the  bent  to  the  foundation. 
Plates  3  and  4. 

End  Bents. — The  end  posts  are  of  the  same  size  and  material  as 
are  the  interior  ones,  but  only  3 -ply.  The  posts  rest  on  the  founda- 
tion and  are  spiked  to  a  2x1 2-inch  piece  laid  on  edge,  A  brace 
extends  from  the  upper  end  of  this  post  to  the  purlin  plates.  For 
dimensions  and  bracing,  see  Plates  3  and  4. 

The  two  south  bents  have  a  loft  which  has  bins  for  the  storage  of 
cut  hay  and  various  kinds  of  prepared  feed.  This  loft  is  partly  sup- 
ported by  four  interior  posts,  each  made  of  five  2x8-inch  pieces. 
Joists  as  drafted  are  2x10  inches,  i  foot  on  center.  Matched  floor- 
ing, 1x3*4  is  used.  Plate  6. 

The  roof  is  a  gambrel  or  curb  style.  The  purlin  plates  are  sup- 
ported mainly  by  purlin  posts  from  the  foundation.  A  truss  ex- 
tends from  the  plates  to  the  peak,  running  between  them  and  bolted 
to  the  purlin  post.  This  truss  is  drafted  at  an  angle  of  45°,  but  in 
practice  was  dropped  2  feet  6  inches  at  the  peak.  With  this  style 
of  roof,  we  have  a  %  pitch.  For  sizes  of  material  and  manner  of 
bracing,  see  Plates  3,  4,  and  5. 


1906.\  BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT.  305 

A  feed  cutter  and  grinder  are  located  near  a  4x14  foot  bin 
on  the  first  floor.  This  bin  has  a  capacity  of  300  bushels.  Just 
above  this  bin  and  in  connection  with  it,  is  a  smaller  one  with 
a  capacity  of  100  bushels.  Grain  is  scooped  into  the  south  end  of 
the  lower  bin  and  elevated  into  the  one  above  from  which  it  runs 
into  the  grinder  and  when  ground,  is  elevated  to  the  bins  on  the 
second  floor.  When  ear  corn  is  fed  in  the  form  of  corn  and  cob  meal 
it  is  scooped  from  a  wagon  into  the  grinder  and  elevated  as  in  the 
case  of  shelled  corn  or  other  grain.  If  fed  finely  broken  (similar  to 
crushed  corn)  it  is  run  through  an  ensilage  machine  and  blown 
into  bins  on  the  second  floor  as  is  also  done  with  hay  when  fed  in  a 
chaffed  state ;  but  if  fed  broken  by  hand  it  is  scooped  from  a  wagon 
to  the  second  floor,  through  the  same  opening  by  which  the  feed 
carriers  leave  the  barn.  Other  feeds  such  as  oil  meal,  cottonseed 
meal,  gluten  meal,  bran,  etc.,  which  are  always  purchased  in  sacks, 
are  conveyed  to  the  second  floor  by  hand  from  a  wagon  in  driveway 
of  barn.  As  these  feeds  are  needed  they  are  weighed  during  the  day, 
placed  in  feed  carriers,  and  conveyed  at  feeding  time  to  the  lots 
south  of  alley.  Plates  7  and  8. 

There  are  four  double,  two  single  and  four  box  stalls  in  this 
barn  used  for  feeding  cattle  where  individual  records  of  gains  and 
feed  consumed  are  desired.  These  are  situated  under  the  loft,  that 
part  of  the  barn  having  a  second  floor.  The  partitions  between  the 
stalls  are  four  feet  in  height.  The  uprights  of  these  stalls  are  4x4- 
inch  oak  posts,  which  also  serve  the  purpose  as  supports  for  second 
floor.  The  siding  of  the  stalls  are  2x6  and  2x8  plank  placed 
in  a  vertical  position,  capped  above  and  set  in  a  groove  in  4x4  oak 
pieces  which  rest  on  4x4*3  sunk  in  the  brick  pavement.  At  the  cor- 
ners of  the  stall,  these  4x4*5  are  joined  by  ^xQ-inch  joint  bolts. 
For  ground  plan  and  dimensions,  Plate  6  is  explicit. 

The  feed  mangers  are  placed  low  in  all  the  stalls  and  extend  their 
entire  width;  those  in  the  box  stalls  are  bolted  to  the  sides  so 
they  can  be  taken  out  when  necessary.  These  mangers  are  6  inches 
from  the  pavement,  i  foot  deep,  i  foot  2  inches  wide  at  the  bottom 
and  I  foot  10  inches  at  the  top.  The  material  is  of  2-inch  lumber 
and  strengthened  at  the  sides  of  the  stalls  by  short  4x4-inch  pieces 
from  the  pavement  to  the  side  of  the  boxes.  The  different  pieces 
are  securely  spiked  together.  Plate  6. 


FEED  LOTS  AND  SHEDS  SOUTH  OF  ALLEY 

The  lots  on  the  south  side  of  the  alley  are  each  48  feet  long  by 
36  feet  wide,  exclusive  of  shed,  with  a   12x36  shed  open  to  the 


306  BULLETIN  No.  1 10. 

south.  Each  lot  is  enclosed  by  a  board  fence  4  feet  8  inches  high. 
All  lots  are  paved  With  brick.  The  sheds  are  not  paved.  These 
lots  have  gates  leading  into  each  other,  to  the  alley,  and  out  of  the 
south  end  of  the  lots.  There  is  also  a  gate  in  each  lot  so  placed 
that  it,  together  with  the  gate  between  the  lots,  can  close  the  space 
between  the  fence  and  feed  bunk,  thereby  making  it  possible  to  con- 
fine the  cattle  under  the  shed  while  the  lots  are  cleaned  and  in  the 
lots  when  the  sheds  are  cleaned.  Each  lot  is  furnished  with  a  feed 
bunk  for  concentrated  feed  and  two  mangers  for  hay.  One  water- 
ing tank  is  provided  for  two  lots.  Plates  9,  10,  and  u. 

PAVING 

The  grade  used  in  paving  these  lots  was  one  slightly  above  the 
surrounding  level  and  given  enough  slope  (6l/2  inches  from  north 
to  south  and  3^4  inches  from  east  to  west  of  each  lot)  to  allow  the 
water  to  run  to  the  south-west  corner  of  each  lot  where  tile  were 
laid  to  carry  it  away. 

After  the  proper  grade  had  been  secured  the  ground  was  cov- 
ered with  six  inches  of  gravel  which  was  rolled  and  tamped  down 
solid,  covered  with  one  inch  of  fine  sand  upon  which  No.  I  paving 
brick  were  laid  flat,  (herring-bone  pattern,  Plate  12)  except  in  the 
alley  and  around  the  scales  where  they  were  placed  on  edge.  After 
being  put  in  place,  the  brick  were  rolled  down  even  and  upon  inspec- 
tion, if  any  were  found  to  be  soft,  they  were  replaced  with  good 
ones. 

The  space  between  the  brick  was  filled  with  a  grout  "filler"  con- 
sisting of  one  part  clean,  sharp,  sand  and  one  part  of  Portland 
cement.  The  cement  and  sand  were  thoroughly  mixed  dry  in  tight 
boxes,  then  made  into  a  mortar  of  the  consistency  of  cream  and 
thoroughly  broomed  into  the  joints.  The  slushing  was  repeated  to 
insure  the  filling  of  all  cracks  or  joints  between  the  bricks.  This 
was  done  to  keep  water  from  getting  underneath  the  pavement ; 
which,  if  allowed  to  enter,  would  soften  the  subgrade  or  cause  the 
heaving  of  the  brick  by  alternate  freezing  and  thawing. 

The  cement  filler  was  allowed  to  set  a  week  before  heavy  loads 
were  allowed  on  it  and  as  the  work  was  done  in  summer,  the  sun's 
rays  were  kept  off  by  means  of  a  canvass  for  the  first  day.  A  re- 
taining curb  of  2x8  plank,  braced  by  a  4x4,  placed  2l/2  feet  in  the 
ground,  was  put  in  at  the  gates  to  keep  the  animals  from  breaking 
the  edge  of  the  brick.  Next  to  the  shed,  3x8  oak  plank  were  used 
for  curbing.  Where  there  are  mangers  and  fences,  the  bottom 
board  was  placed  low  enough  to  act  as  a  curb.  Plate  12. 


1906.}  BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT.  307 

SHED 

The  shed  south  of  the  alley  is  250  feet  long  and  12  feet  wide 
and  is  divided  into  seven  equal  compartments  by  the  extension  of 
the  same  fences  which  separate  the  corresponding  feed  lots. 

The  sides  and  roof  of  this  shed  are  supported  on  the  north  side 
by  split  oak  posts  set  in  the  ground  6  feet  apart  and  on  the  south 
side  by  4x4*3  set  12  feet  apart.  The  plates  are  2x6's;  rafters, 
2x6's,  3  feet  on  center.  The  shed  is  sided  with  8  inch  ship-lap. 
The  north  side  of  the  shed,  which  faces  the  paved  alley,  is  6  feet 
high  while  the  south  side  is  8  feet  high  thus  giving  the  roof  a  slope 
of  2  feet.  The  boards  of  the  roof  project  over  the  frame  work 
i  foot  5  inches  on  the  side  toward  the  lots  and  7  inches  on  the  side 
toward  the  alley.  The  sheds  are  covered  with  i  inch  lumber  over 
which  is  fastened  prepared  roofing.  Plates  i,  2,  and  II. 


The  feed  bunks  are  5  feet  9  inches  by  18  feet  and  are  located 
5  feet  6  inches  from  the  shed.  The  posts  are  4x4*5,  9  feet  apart 
one  way  and  6  feet  apart  the  other  way.  All  extend  from  the  pave- 
ment above  the  bunk  to  form  the  framework  of  the  feed  carrier's 
track.  On  top  of  the  4x4  uprights  are  nailed  4x4  cross  pieces. 
Short  2x4*5  are  placed  as  stays  between  the  4x4*5  on  the  side  of  the 
bunk.  The  floor  is  made  of  2x6's,  resting  on  2x6  pieces,  spiked 
to  the  posts  i  foot  above  the  pavement.  The  sides  and  ends  are 
2x6's.  ix6-inch  fence  boards  are  nailed  lengthwise  of  the  bunk  for 
strengthening  purposes.  Plates  i,  9,  10,  and  n. 

Two  hay  mangers  in  each  lot  are  built  of  material  of  the 
same  size  and  in  the  same  manner.  The  posts  are  4x4*5  resting 
upon  the  brick  pavement  and  are  placed  4  feet  6  inches  apart.  The 
flooring  is  made  of  ix6's  (matched)  and  rests  upon  2x4  ties  nailed 
to  the  posts.  The  sides  and  ends  of  the  manger  consist  of  a  2x  12- 
inch  and  a  2x6-inch  piece.  ix6-inch  cross  pieces,  placed  3  feet 
above  the  floor  of  the  manger,  help  to  strengthen  the  structure. 
Plates  9  and  1 1 . 

The  entire  length  of  the  track  is  270  feet  and  the  total  fall,  1 1.25 
feet,  which  means  a  fall  of  i  foot  in  24  feet.  However,  the  fall 
from  the  door  of  the  barn  to  the  wrest  side  of  lot  4,  a  little  over  half 
the  distance,  is  i  foot  in  19.8  feet,  while  the  remaining  fall  is  only  i 
foot  in  36.5  feet.  Thus  it  is  seen  the  greatest  fall  is  allowed  just 
after  the  carriers  leave  the  door.  This  is  done  for  two  reasons. 
First,  the  track  could  not  be  any  lower  in  lot  7  (the  last  of  the 
series)  without  having  the  feed  carrier  so  low  at  that  place  as  to 


308  BULLETIN  No.  110.  [July, 

allow  the  cattle  to  interfere  with  it,  also  the  car  over  the  first  bunk 
ought  to  be  low  enough  so  that  it  can  be  reached  easily  for  dumping ; 
second,  the  track  for  the  last  few  lots  should  be  of  such  a  level  as  to 
overcome  the  momentum  given  the  carriers  at  the  start.  As  it  is, 
the  first  three  carriers  out  of  the  barn  stop  of  their  own  accord  over 
their  respective  feed  bunks.  The  strength  of  framework,  rope  and 
windlass  would  have  to  be  very  strong  to  stop  the  momentum  of  all 
the  carriers  at  once.  The  carriers  start  from  the  barn  in  a  series, 
connected  with  a  rope  attached  to  a  windlass  in  the  storage  barn.  The 
rope  is  of  such  a  length  between  the  carriers  as  to  allow  each  one  to 
stop  over  a  certain  feed  bunk.  Plates  i,  10,  n,  and  13. 

Galvanized  iron  tanks  2x2x8  feet  are  so  placed  that  the  steers 
in  two  lots  have  access  to  one  tank.  These  tanks  are  supplied  with 
water  from  the  University  water  system.  There  is  a  pipe  extending 
from  a  tap  at  the  bottom  to  nearly  the  top  of  the  tank  to  let  the 
water  flow  into  the  drain  in  case  it  is  left  turned  on  too  long.  When 
the  tanks  are  cleaned  these  pipes  are  unscrewed  from  the  tap  and 
thus  all  the  water  allowed  to  drain  from  them.  The  tank  is  set  in 
a  wooden  box  the  size  of  which  leaves  a  space  of  5  inches  between  it 
and  the  tank,  in  which  may  be  placed  a  filler  to  keep  the  water  from 
freezing.  The  box  and  tank  rest  upon  a  platform  raised  six  inches 
from  the  pavement.  Material  for  boxing  is  1x6  lumber  (matched), 
nailed  to  2x4/5.  The  ends  of  the  2x4*5  are  bolted  and  braced  by  a 
1^/2  -inch  iron  strap.  This  was  found  necessary  in  order  to  keep 
the  cattle  from  crushing  in  the  ends  of  the  box.  A  lid  on  hinges 
at  each  end  of  the  tank  can  be  closed  down  in  cold  weather  to  pre- 
vent the  water  from  freezing  or  to  prevent  the  cattle  from  drink- 
ing at  weighing  time.  Plates  9,  10,  and  12. 

The  alley  is  12  feet  wide  and,  as  has  been  mentioned,  paved  by 
placing  the  brick  on  edge.  The  paving  extends  to  the  barn  and  up 
to  the  scales.  A  dip  of  4^2  inches  from  edge  to  center  of  pavement 
and  a  fall  of  3^4  feet  from  storage  barn  to  end  of  alley,  where  a 
drain  is  located,  keeps  the  alley  dry  and  also  serves  the  purpose 
of  draining  the  water  flowing  from  the  roof  of  the  sheds  situated 
south  of  the  alley.  Plates  i,  2,  and  12. 

LOTS  WITH  CLOSED  SHEDS 

These  lots  lie  to  the  north  of  the  alley  just  mentioned.  Four  of 
them  are  36x36  feet,  and  one  is  48x108  feet.  Two  of  the  lots, 
Nos.  8  and  10,  36x36  feet,  are  paved ;  the  remainder  are  unpaved. 
These  lots  are  not  provided  with  a  feed  carrier  system  as  are  those 
on  the  south  side  of  the  alley.  In  other  essentials,  however,  the 
arrangement  is  practically  the  same. 


1906.]  BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT.  309 

This  shed  was  built  in  1901,  two  years  before  the  main  part 
of  the  plant  was  constructed.  It  was  originally  built  to  house 
breeding  stock  in  winter.  The  south  side  is  6  feet  to  the  eaves  and 
the  north  side  5  feet  6  inches,  and  the  ridge  8  feet.  Split  oak  posts 
are  placed  in  the  ground  every  6  feet  to  receive  the  siding.  Four 
4x10  foot  posts  supporting  2xi2's  nailed  edgewise  for  plates  are 
placed  12  feet  apart  throughout  the  center  of  the  shed.  Plates  i 
and  14. 

ENGINE  HOUSE 

The  engine  house  is  20x28  feet,  12  feet  to  eaves ;  2x4-inch  stud- 
ding, 2  feet  on  center;  same  for  rafters;  corner  posts,  two  2x4 
inch;  roof,  one-half  pitch;  joists  on  plates  2x6  inch.  2  feet  on 
center;  and  siding  same  as  barn.  This  inclosure  has  a  door  12  feet 
wide  situated  on  the  north  end  of  the  building  and  another  door 
large  enough  to  allow  for  the  play  of  a  belt  between  engine  and 
machinery  in  storage  barn ;  also  5  windows  2x5  feet  in  dimensions. 
The  floor  in  this  building  is  of  double  thickness  and  made  of  2x10- 
inch  boards,  24  feet  in  length. 

CORN  CRIB 

The  foundation  of  the  crib  consists  of  brick  pillars  ixi  foot  set 
below  the  frost  line  and  extending  i  foot  6  inches  above  the  grade 
line.  The  pillars  are  twelve  feet  apart,  and  upon  them  rest  four 
2xi2-inch  pieces  spiked  together  for  joist  supports.  The  crib  is 
8  feet  wide  at  the  bottom  and  10  feet  9  inches  wide  at  the  top.  The 
height  at  the  north  side  is  10  feet  and  on  the  south  side  n  feet. 
The  capacity  is  5682  bushels  of  ear  corn.  For  location,  joist,  stud- 
ding, rafters,  and  details  of  each,  see  Plates  i,  2,  and  15. 

The  total  cost  of  the  beef  cattle  experimental  plant  is  as  follows : 

Storage  barn,  including  bins $1,321.25 

Total  cost  of  seven  open  sheds  and  lots  (this  includes 

all  material  and  labor  except  drainage)  2,036.57 

Total  cost  of  closed  sheds  and  lots  (includes  all 

material  and  labor  except  drainage) 793.80 

Special  fencing  for  lot  west  of  north  sheds 43.08 

Cost  of  all  draining  and  tiling  46.50 

Cost  of  paving  in  alley  and  around  scales 412.64 

Engine  house 144.22 

Corn  crib 350.91 

Scales  and  scale  rack,  silo,  feed  grinder  and  ensilage 

cutter 524.53 

One  outside  water  tank. .  15.99 


Total   $5,689.49 

A  detailed  statement  of  the  bill  of  materials  and  cost  of  same 
will  be  sent  upon  application. 


310 


BULLETIN  No.  110. 


[July, 


O 


1906.} 


BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT. 


311 


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312 


BULLETIN  No.  110. 


MIDDLE  BENT  END  BENT 

ONE  HALF  SECTION  ONE  HALF  SECTION 

PLATE  III.    SIDE  ELEVATION  AND  CONSTRUCTION  DETAIL 
OF  STORAGE  BARN. 


1906.} 


BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT. 


313 


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314 


BULLETIN  No.  110. 


[July, 


1906.] 


BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT. 


315 


PLAN 


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PLANK  FRAME  CATTLEBARN 


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CROSS  SECTION-SHOWING  FRONT  OF  STALLS  &  BINS 


PLATE  VI.  DETAIL  OF  GROUND  PLAN  AND  SECOND  FLOOR 
PLAN  OF  STORAGE  BARN. 


316 


BULLETIN  No.  110. 


[July, 


1906.1 


BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT. 


317 


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318 


BULLETIN  No.  110. 


[July, 


OPEN  SHEQ  -  UNPAID 


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PLATE  IX.    GROUND  PLAN  OF  A  FEED  LOT. 


1906.  J 


BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL,  PLANT. 


319 


320 


BULLETIN  No.  110. 


[July, 


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BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT. 


321 


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BRICK  LAID  o/iEa&e 

PAVEMENT  OF  ALLEY- CROSS  SECTION 


PLATE  XII.  CONSTRUCTION  DETAIL. 


322 


BULLETIN  No.  110. 


[July, 


1906.] 


BEEF  CATTLE  EXPERIMENTAL  PLANT. 


328 


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BULLETIN  No.  110. 


[July,  1906 


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